Includes bibliographical references and index.

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Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; List of Figures; List of Plates; List of Contributors; Preface; Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemical Ligation Reactions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Chemical Synthesis of Proteins: From the Stepwise Synthesis to the Chemical Ligation Approach; 1.1.2 Chemical Modification of Proteins: From Conventional Methods to Chemoselective Labeling by Chemical Ligation; 1.2 Chemical Ligation Chemistries; 1.3 Imine Ligations; 1.3.1 Oxime Ligation; 1.3.2 Hydrazone Ligation; 1.3.3 Pictet-Spengler Ligation; 1.3.4 Thiazolidine Ligation; 1.4 Serine/Threonine Ligation (STL)

2.3.2 SEAon/off Concept and the Design of a One-Pot Three Peptide Segment Assembly Process2.3.3 SEA on/off Concept and the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Proteins in the N-to-C Direction; 2.4 Chemical Synthesis of HGF/SF Subdomains for Deciphering the Functioning of HGF/SF-MET System; 2.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3 Development of Serine/Threonine Ligation and Its Applications; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Protein Synthesis by SPPS; 3.1.2 Native Chemical Ligation (and Extended Desulfurization); 3.1.3 KAHA Ligation; 3.2 Serine/Threonine Ligation (STL); 3.2.1 SAL Ester Preparation

3.2.2 N-Terminal-Protecting Group for Successive C-to-N Ser/Thr Ligations3.2.3 Scope and Limitations; 3.3 Application of STL in Protein Synthesis; 3.3.1 Consecutive STL of Peptides/Proteins; 3.3.2 STL-Mediated Peptide Cyclization; 3.3.3 Thiol SAL Ester-Mediated Aminolysis in Peptide Cyclization; 3.3.4 A Fluorogenic Probe for Recognizing 5-OH-Lys Inspired by STL; 3.3.5 Expressed Protein Semisynthesis via Ser/Thr Ligation; 3.4 Conclusion and Outlook; References; Chapter 4 Synthesis of Proteins by Native Chemical Ligation-Desulfurization Strategies; 4.1 Introduction

4.2 Ligation-Desulfurization and Early Applications4.2.1 Metal‐Free Desulfurization; 4.2.2 Ligation-Desulfurization toward the Synthesis of Proteins; 4.3 Beyond Native Chemical Ligation at Cysteine - The Development of Thiolated Amino Acids and Their Application in Protein Synthesis; 4.3.1 Phenylalanine; 4.3.2 Valine; 4.3.3 Lysine; 4.3.4 Threonine; 4.3.5 Leucine; 4.3.6 Proline; 4.3.7 Glutamine; 4.3.8 Arginine; 4.3.9 Aspartic Acid; 4.3.10 Glutamic Acid; 4.3.11 Tryptophan; 4.3.12 GlcNAc-Asparagine; 4.3.13 Asparagine; 4.4 Ligation-Deselenization in the Chemical Synthesis of Proteins